Prebiotics
Prebiotics are what probiotic bacteria feed on and make them thrive. Some types of PREbiotics that help lead to greater numbers of probiotic bacteria are: Inulin, oligosaccharides and fructooligosaccharides, etc.
Probiotics Are Good Gut Bacteria
Gut bacteria, according to the below research does the following:
Triggers proteins to protect gut, block inflammatory response, modulation of immune responses via the gut's mucosa, it helps produce vitamins like K2, B12, B13, B15 & probiotics even affect metabolism. If probiotics can influence the way in which bile acids are metabolised, this means they could change how much fat the body is able to absorb. Helps eczema and is "safe and effective way to alleivate IBS."
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/07/040723091648.htm
Good Bacteria Trigger Proteins To Protect The Gut
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/09/000904092755.htm
Non-Pathogenic Bacteria Block Inflammatory Response Pathway In Intestinal Tract
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/03/080312141253.htm
New Defense Mechanism Against Intestinal Inflammation Found
ScienceDaily (Mar. 15, 2008) — The body's first line of defense against pathogenic bacteria that we ingest may not be the immune system but rather the cells that line the intestine. This surprising conclusion is just one facet of a study by Dr. Maya Saleh, a researcher at the Research institute of the McGill University Health Centre that will be published in the journal Cell Host & Microbe on March 12.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080520122743.htm
It is not clear how probiotics exert their health effects, but one of the most probable action mechanisms is the modulation of immune responses via the gut's mucosa.... It was found that probiotics have an anti-inflammatory potential
http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_15-1-2008-16-43-4?newsid=24454
Probiotics affect metabolism- One of the many biochemical changes observed by the researchers was a change in how mice treated with probiotics metabolised bile acids. These acids are made by the liver and their primary function is to emulsify fats in the upper gut. If probiotics can influence the way in which bile acids are metabolized, this means they could change how much fat the body is able to absorb.
Note- Vitamins A, E, K and D need proper fat absorption for them to work otherwise you can suffer deficiencies. Again you nee proper D absorption for Calcium(bone health) and B Complex(Nerve health) to work.
VSL#3
http://www.nature.com/ajg/journal/v104/n2/abs/ajg2008118a.html
American Journal Gastroenterol 2009; 104:437–443; doi:10.1038/ajg.2008.118; published online 20 January 2009
This is the first pediatric, randomized, placebo-controlled trial that suggests the efficacy and safety of a highly concentrated mixture of probiotic bacterial strains (VSL#3) in active UC and demonstrates its role in maintenance of remission.
http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/vitamins/vitaminK/
Bacteria produce vitamin K2
Me-- B12, B13(Orotic Acid) and B15 are also produced in part by our gut bacteria.
Bifidobacterium is the kind my son uses for his Eczema and is good for kids. The 1st and 3rd, Lactobacillus acidophilus & paracasei are both mentioned in the Nestle research I was reading about (see below link).
http://www.research.nestle.com/innovations_publications/Publications/PublicationDetails.htm?search=gut+bacteria&title=False&author=False&bibliography=False&sort=0&pguid=79ED16E2-76FF-4B7C-9CA3-1D2824875EC2
Journal: PROBIOTICS AND PREBIOTICS : SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS, ED. G.W. TANNOCK, PUBL. CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS, 2005, Chapter 5, pp. 97-128
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17919270?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=1&log
Conclusion of below research: "This multispecies probiotic seems to be an effective and safe option to alleviate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and to stabilize the intestinal microbiota." Strains researched here were Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, L. rhamnosus Lc705, Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12.
Bad Types of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines
According to the below research bad cytokines include but is not limited to: IL-1Beta, IL-6 and TNF alpha.
"Nerve injury induces changes in growth-factor expression...The injured axons by losing connectivity with the peripheral tissues lose trophic influences. The increased expression of trophic factors in the denervated tissues on the otherhand & “overtroph” the remaining (intact) fibers. NGF might be one of the villains in the case of overtrophing,
whereas GDNF (glial-derived neurotropic factor)might be the missing growth factor, absence of which generates the pain-signaling mechanisms in the injured L5 spinal nerve."
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1810425
Neuroprotection and repair by nerotrophic and gliotrophic factors in multiple sclerosis. Based on the efficacy of immunomodulatory therapies in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), much of the research and thinking about pathogenesis and treatment has traditionally focused on suppressing the immune system. Whatever the cause, recent studies have rekindled the notion that neurologic dysfunction in patients with MS relates best to the degree of neuronal (axonal) and glial damage....
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17548567&ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
Another study on how Bifidobacterium animalis MB5 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) protect intestinal & reduce cytokine and chemokineexpression. Per the research above, IL-1beta, Il-6 and TNF-alpha are bad. They increase Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). You need more glial-derrived neurotropic factor (GDNF).
Me- Has anyone tried more GDNF through doc and if so did it work?
Article: "Moreover, the probiotics prevented the ETEC-induced increased expression of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and decrease of transforming growth factor-alpha, which are regulators of chemokine expression. These results indicate that B. animalis MB5 and LGG protect intestinal cells from the inflammation-associated response caused by ETEC K88 by partly reducing pathogen adhesion and by counteracting neutrophil migration, probably through the regulation of chemokine and cytokine expression."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16768842?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=5&log
"Soluble proteins produced by probiotic bacteria regulate intestinal epithelial cell survival and growth.
The probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and factors recovered from LGG broth culture supernatant
CONCLUSIONS: p75 and p40 are the first probiotic bacterial proteins demonstrated to promote intestinal epithelial homeostasis through specific signaling pathways. These findings suggest that probiotic bacterial components may be useful for preventing cytokine-mediated gastrointestinal diseases. "
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17258729
LGG is one strain of Probiotic. "Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), prevents cytokine-induced apoptosis in two different intestinal epithelial cell models.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12393915?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=1&log
Note- There are also ANTI-inflammatory cytokines are that are good for your body. 